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119th Congress · H.R. 5140 · Passed Origin

To lower the age at which a minor may be tried as an adult for certain criminal offenses in the District of Columbia to 14 years of age.

This bill lowers the age at which an individual may be tried as an adult for certain criminal offenses in the District of Columbia (DC) to 14 years of age. Under current DC law, an individual who is under 18 years of age is tried as a juvenile in family court. However, an individual who is 16 years of age or older may be tried as an adult if the individual is charged with murder, first-degree sexual abuse, burglary in the first degree, robbery while armed, or assault with intent to commit any such offense. Additionally, an individual who is 15 years of age or older may be tried as an adult if the individual is alleged to have committed a felony and it is determined that (1) it is in the interest of the public welfare to try the individual as an adult, and (2) there are no reasonable prospects for the individual's rehabilitation. The bill lowers the minimum age to be tried as an adult in these cases to 14 years of age.

Full bill text →

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SubjectsCriminal investigation, prosecution, interrogationDistrict of ColumbiaJuvenile crime and gang violenceViolent crime

XML scalars

congress
119
type
HR
number
5140
originChamber
House
originChamberCode
H
introducedDate
2025-09-04
updateDate
2026-07-11T15:54:49Z
updateDateIncludingText
2026-07-13T18:50:29Z
title
To lower the age at which a minor may be tried as an adult for certain criminal offenses in the District of Columbia to 14 years of age.
legislationUrl
https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/house-bill/5140

Constitutional authority statement (CDATA)

[Congressional Record Volume 171, Number 145 (Thursday, September 4, 2025)][House]From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]By Mr. GILL of Texas:H.R. 5140.Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuantto the following:Article 1, Section 8[Page H3862]

Pipeline

Track
federal_presidential
Stage
Passed Chamber of Origin
Stage rank
2

Sponsor

  • Rep. Gill, Brandon [R-TX-26] · [R-TX-26] · G000603
    Rep-TX-26 current · 1 term · @repbrandongill · 1 district office

Sponsor record (congress_legislators)

Bio (legislators)

bioguide
G000603
status
current
official_full
Brandon Gill
first
Brandon
middle
Gene
last
Gill
suffix
null
nickname
null
birthday
1994-02-26
gender
M

Current term (1 total)

type
rep
state
TX
district
26
class
null
party
Republican
caucus
null
start
2025-01-03
end
2027-01-03
end_type
null
how
null
url
https://gill.house.gov
address
1305 Longworth House Office Building Washington DC 20515-4326
office
1305 Longworth House Office Building
phone
202-225-7772
fax
null
contact_form
null
rss_url
null

Leadership roles (0)

none

Committee memberships (9)

  • Delivering on Government Efficiency (house) · house · rank 10
  • Government Operations (house) · house · rank 6
  • Health Care and Financial Services (house) · house · rank 6
  • House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform (house) · house · rank 25 · site
  • House Committee on the Budget (house) · house · rank 20 · site
  • House Committee on the Judiciary (house) · house · rank 23 · site
  • Immigration Integrity, Security, and Enforcement (house) · house · rank 14
  • Oversight (house) · house · rank 5
  • The Constitution and Limited Government (house) · house · rank 9

Social media

District offices (1)

  • 600 Parker Square, Suite 205, Flower Mound, TX, 75028 · 972-966-5454 · 33.0396003,-97.0539537

Other names (0)

none

Sponsor FEC record (fec_live)

Candidate record (candidates) · cycle 2026

candidate_id
H4TX26149
cycle
2026
name
GILL, BRANDON
party
REPUBLICAN PARTY
office
House
state
TX
district
26
incumbent_challenge
Incumbent
candidate_status
C
active_through
2026
election_year
null
first_file_date
2023-11-20
last_file_date
2024-11-14
last_f2_date
2024-11-14
address
null

Candidate summary (candidate_summaries) · cycle 2026

cycle
2026
total_receipts
$4,217,213.29
total_disbursements
$2,933,524.34
cash_on_hand_end_period
$1,411,512.35
debts_owed_by_committee
$46,734.08
coverage_start_date
2025-01-01
coverage_end_date
2026-06-30

Connected committees (0)

none

Cosponsors (6)

  • Rep. Burchett, Tim [R-TN-2] · [R-TN-2] · B001309 · Co-sponsored 2025-09-08
    Rep-TN-2 current · 4 terms · @RepTimBurchett · 2 district offices
  • Rep. Higgins, Clay [R-LA-3] · [R-LA-3] · H001077 · Co-sponsored 2025-09-09
    Rep-LA-3 current · 5 terms · @RepClayHiggins · 2 district offices
  • Rep. Downing, Troy [R-MT-2] · [R-MT-2] · D000634 · Co-sponsored 2025-09-11
    Rep-MT-2 current · 1 term · @reptroydowning · 2 district offices
  • Rep. Luna, Anna Paulina [R-FL-13] · [R-FL-13] · L000596 · Co-sponsored 2025-09-15
    Rep-FL-13 current · 2 terms · @RepLuna · 1 district office
  • Rep. Wilson, Joe [R-SC-2] · [R-SC-2] · W000795 · Co-sponsored 2025-09-16
    Rep-SC-2 current · 13 terms · @RepJoeWilson · 2 district offices
  • Rep. Stefanik, Elise M. [R-NY-21] · [R-NY-21] · S001196 · Co-sponsored 2025-09-17
    Rep-NY-21 current · 6 terms · @RepStefanik · 3 district offices

Committees (1)

  • Oversight and Government Reform Committee [House Standing]
    2025-09-10T16:39:55ZMarkup By
    2025-09-04T13:02:50ZReferred To

Actions — from XML (16)

  • 2025-09-17IntroReferralvia Senate
    Received in the Senate.
  • 2025-09-16 17:15:03FloorH38310via House floor actions
    Motion to reconsider laid on the table Agreed to without objection.
  • 2025-09-16 17:15:01FloorH37100via House floor actions
    On passage Passed by the Yeas and Nays: 225 - 203 (Roll no. 271). (text of amendment in the nature of a substitute: CR H4339)
    VoteHouse roll 271 — source
  • 2025-09-16 17:15:01Floor8000via Library of Congress
    Passed/agreed to in House: On passage Passed by the Yeas and Nays: 225 - 203 (Roll no. 271). (text of amendment in the nature of a substitute: CR H4339)
    VoteHouse roll 271 — source
  • 2025-09-16 17:02:42FloorH30000via House floor actions
    Considered as unfinished business. (consideration: CR H4346)
  • 2025-09-16 16:02:35FloorH8D000via House floor actions
    POSTPONED PROCEEDINGS - At the conclusion of debate on H.R. 5140, the Chair put the question on passage of the bill, and by voice vote, announced that the ayes had prevailed. Mr. Garcia (CA) demanded the yeas and nays and the Chair postponed further proceedings until a time to be announced.
  • 2025-09-16 16:02:12FloorH35000via House floor actions
    The previous question was ordered pursuant to the rule.
  • 2025-09-16 15:37:00FloorH8D000via House floor actions
    DEBATE - The House proceeded with one hour of debate on H.R. 5140.
  • 2025-09-16 15:36:19FloorH8D000via House floor actions
    Rule provides for consideration of H.R. 4922, H.R. 5143, H.R. 5140, H.R. 5125, H.R. 1047, H.R. 3015 and H.R. 3062. The resolution provides for consideration of H.R. 4922, H.R. 5143, H.R. 5140, H.R. 5125, H.R. 1047, H.R. 3015, and H.R. 3062 under a closed rule, and provides for a motion to recommit on each measure.
  • 2025-09-16 15:36:14FloorH30000via House floor actions
    Considered under the provisions of rule H. Res. 707. (consideration: CR H4339)
  • 2025-09-15 19:25:24FloorH1L210via House floor actions
    Rules Committee Resolution H. Res. 707 Reported to House. Rule provides for consideration of H.R. 4922, H.R. 5143, H.R. 5140, H.R. 5125, H.R. 1047, H.R. 3015 and H.R. 3062. The resolution provides for consideration of H.R. 4922, H.R. 5143, H.R. 5140, H.R. 5125, H.R. 1047, H.R. 3015, and H.R. 3062 under a closed rule, and provides for a motion to recommit on each measure.
  • 2025-09-10Committeevia House committee actions
    Ordered to be Reported (Amended) by the Yeas and Nays: 26 - 19.
  • 2025-09-10Committeevia House committee actions
    Committee Consideration and Mark-up Session Held
  • 2025-09-04IntroReferralH11100via House floor actions
    Referred to the House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform.
  • 2025-09-04IntroReferralIntro-Hvia Library of Congress
    Introduced in House
  • 2025-09-04IntroReferral1000via Library of Congress
    Introduced in House

Actions — from bill_actions table (0)

none

Titles

  • Display Title2026-07-11T15:54:49Z
    To lower the age at which a minor may be tried as an adult for certain criminal offenses in the District of Columbia to 14 years of age.
  • Official Titles from EH (Engrossed in House) bill textEHH2026-07-11T15:53:20Z
    To lower the age at which a minor may be tried as an adult for certain criminal offenses in the District of Columbia to 14 years of age.
  • Official Title as IntroducedIH2025-09-06T07:33:30Z
    To lower the age at which a minor may be tried as an adult for certain criminal offenses in the District of Columbia to 14 years of age.

Text versions (from XML)

Versions — from bill_versions table (0)

none

Policy area

Crime and Law Enforcement

Summaries

00 · 2025-09-04 · Introduced in House

This bill lowers the age at which an individual may be tried as an adult for certain criminal offenses in the District of Columbia (DC) to 14 years of age.

Under current DC law, an individual who is under 18 years of age is tried as a juvenile in family court. However, an individual who is 16 years of age or older may be tried as an adult if the individual is charged with murder, first-degree sexual abuse, burglary in the first degree, robbery while armed, or assault with intent to commit any such offense. Additionally, an individual who is 15 years of age or older may be tried as an adult if the individual is alleged to have committed a felony and it is determined that (1) it is in the interest of the public welfare to try the individual as an adult, and (2) there are no reasonable prospects for the individual's rehabilitation.

The bill lowers the minimum age to be tried as an adult in these cases to 14 years of age.

Related bills

  • HRES 707 (119) Providing for consideration of the bill (H.R. 4922) to limit youth offender status in the District of Columbia to individuals 18 years of age or younger, to direct the Attorney General of the District of Columbia to establish and operate a publicly accessible website containing updated statistics on juvenile crime in the District of Columbia, to amend the District of Columbia Home Rule Act to prohibit the Council of the District of Columbia from enacting changes to existing criminal liability sentences, and for other purposes; providing for consideration of the bill (H.R. 5143) to establish standards for law enforcement officers in the District of Columbia to engage in vehicular pursuits of suspects, and for other purposes; providing for consideration of the bill (H.R. 5140) to lower the age at which a minor may be tried as an adult for certain criminal offenses in the District of Columbia to 14 years of age; providing for consideration of the bill (H.R. 5125) to amend the District of Columbia Home Rule Act to terminate the District of Columbia Judicial Nomination Commission, and for other purposes; providing for consideration of the bill (H.R. 1047) to require the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission to reform the interconnection queue process for the prioritization and approval of certain projects, and for other purposes; providing for consideration of the bill (H.R. 3015) to reestablish the National Coal Council in the Department of Energy to provide advice and recommendations to the Secretary of Energy on matters related to coal and the coal industry, and for other purposes; providing for consideration of the bill (H.R. 3062) to establish a more uniform, transparent, and modern process to authorize the construction, connection, operation, and maintenance of international border-crossing facilities for the import and export of oil and natural gas and the transmission of electricity; and for other purposes.
    Latest: 2026-03-25 — Pursuant to the provisions of H.Res. 1131, H.Res. 707 is amended.
    Relationship: Related bill (via House), Procedurally related (via House)

Amendments (1)

  • HAMDT 104 (119)
    Pursuant to the provisions of H.Res. 707, the amendment in the nature of a substitute consisting of the text of Rules Committee Print 119-12 is adopted.
    Submitted 2025-09-16T04:00:00Z
    Chamber: House of Representatives
    Amends: HR 5140 (119)
    Latest: 2025-09-16 — On agreeing to the Rules amendment (A001) Agreed to without objection.
    Sponsors
    • null

Laws

none

Committee reports

none

Calendar number

null

CBO cost estimates

  • H.R. 5140, a bill to lower the age at which a minor may be tried as an adult for certain criminal offenses in the District of Columbia to 14 years of age2025-09-15T19:37:00Z
    As ordered reported by the House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform on September 10, 2025

Latest action

Date
2025-09-17
Text
Received in the Senate.
Time
null

Dublin Core

format
text/xml
language
EN
rights
Pursuant to Title 17 Section 105 of the United States Code, this file is not subject to copyright protection and is in the public domain.
contributor
Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress
description
This file contains bill summaries and statuses for federal legislation. A bill summary describes the most significant provisions of a piece of legislation and details the effects the legislative text may have on current law and federal programs. Bill summaries are authored by the Congressional Research Service (CRS) of the Library of Congress. As stated in Public Law 91-510 (2 USC 166 (d)(6)), one of the duties of CRS is "to prepare summaries and digests of bills and resolutions of a public general nature introduced in the Senate or House of Representatives". For more information, refer to the User Guide that accompanies this file.

Row fields (debug)

id
2761
congress
119
bill_type
hr
bill_number
5140
bill_slug
hr-5140-119
title
To lower the age at which a minor may be tried as an adult for certain criminal offenses in the District of Columbia to 14 years of age.
short_title
null
sponsor_bioguide_id
G000603
sponsor_name
Rep. Gill, Brandon [R-TX-26]
sponsor_party
R
sponsor_state
TX
introduced_date
2025-09-04
latest_action_date
2025-09-17
latest_action_text
Received in the Senate.
status
null
policy_area
Crime and Law Enforcement
subjects_json
[
  "Criminal investigation, prosecution, interrogation",
  "District of Columbia",
  "Juvenile crime and gang violence",
  "Violent crime"
]
govinfo_billstatus_path
BILLSTATUS-119hr5140
raw_billstatus_xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no"?> <billStatus> <version>3.0.0</version> <bill> <number>5140</number> <updateDate>2026-07-11T15:54:49Z</updateDate> <updateDateIncludingText>2026-07-13T18:50:29Z</updateDateIncludingText> <originChamber>House</originChamber> <originChamberCode>H</originChamberCode> <type>HR</type> <introducedDate>2025-09-04</int…
summary_lede
This bill lowers the age at which an individual may be tried as an adult for certain criminal offenses in the District of Columbia (DC) to 14 years of age. Under current DC law, an individual who is under 18 years of age is tried as a juvenile in family court. However, an individual who is 16 years of age or older may be tried as an adult if the individual is charged with murder, first-degree s…
topic_primary
justice
topic_secondary_json
[]
action_family
introduced_only
response_available
0
response_type
null
response_deadline
null
importance_score
null
consequence_score
null
urgency_score
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overall_score
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in_canopy
0
canopy_expires_at
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pipeline_track
federal_presidential
pipeline_stage
passed_origin
pipeline_stage_rank
2
stable_action_id
hr-5140-119
jurisdiction
federal
lock_status
open
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null
content_hash
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first_seen_at
2026-04-20T08:15:57.988066+00:00
last_seen_at
2026-07-20T11:30:23.661047+00:00
⎔ Anchored0x0000…0000Epoch 2026-Q4